What is UPC and SPC fiber connector polishing?

Whenever a connector is installed on the end of fiber, loss is incurred. Some of this light loss is reflected directly back down the fiber towards the light source that generated it. These back reflections, or Optical Return Loss (ORL), will damage the Laser Light Sources and also disrupt the transmitted signal. Various polish profiles are used, depending on the type of fiber and the application.

For singlemode fiber, the fiber ends are typically polished with a slight curvature, such that when the connectors are mated the fibers touch only at their cores. This is known as a "physical contact" (PC) polish. A typical hand polished connector will measure at –30dB. To reduce the back reflection of a connector, it can be polished to SPC (Super Physical Contact) polish or UPC (Ultra Physical Contact) polish.

Industry standard is a minimum of –40dB for SPC back reflection measurement and –50dB for UPC back reflection measurement. If even less back reflection is required, an APC, or Angled Physical Contact polish, might be necessary. An APC connector has an 8ยบ angle cut into the ferrule. These connectors are identifiable by their green color. An APC polished connector has an Industry Standard Minimum f –60dB ORL measurement. APC fiber ends have low back reflection even when disconnected.

Speaker Placement

Here are some guidelines in how to place your speakers in the entertainment room:


  1. Determine where the listener is going to sit which is usually dictated by the size of the video display.

  2. Ensure that the front-left and front-right speaker forms an equilateral triangle with the seating position. This ensures good stereo separation and audio imaging.

  3. The center speaker shall be placed below (preferred) or above the screen (normal mount position is 1200mm above finished floor). In case of front projection with acoustically transparent screen, mount the center speaker directly behind it.

  4. The front, left, center, and right tweeters should be placed  at the same height (preferably ear level) for sounds to pan seamlessly.

  5. If ceiling speakers are to be used for any of the front channels, make sure they're designed for that purpose. If they're not, they'll fire straight down instead of directing sound to the listening position. Suppliers are Definitive Technology, Sonance, Niles, SpeakerCraft, and Triad to name a few.

  6. Surround speakers should always be mounted behind the ears to achieve the surround effects (generally sounds that originate beside or behind the listener).

AVAYA Unified Communication

Avaya Communication has found a way to make office productivity machines work in a business environment.




The video in AVAYA website features a one number access in which a single number is used to ring 3 devices (i.e. Digital Phone, VoIP client software phone in a Apple iPhone, and the computer equipped with VoIP client software). The is shown below.





The technology also allows video conferencing  using computers.


Video-conference room design

A video-conference room has to be design using the basis of video and audio standard of provision. A room with good lighting provides a better video quality, and a wall with acoustic proofing provides a quality sound.

But what is a good video or audio, or how do make sure that we have a room suited for video-conference. The following item serves as guidelines for constructing a video-conferencing room.




·   Wall Finishes

Painted, papered or fabric walls can be acceptable wall finishes for video conferencing room. They offer a calm atmosphere for all the participants.

Painted walls are best in a flat or semi-flat finish. Avoid gloss or enamel finishes as they reflect light. If you decide to use a paper or fabric finish, avoid tight, intricate patterns, such as striping, checks or tight swirls. These patterns can cause the video image to appear distorted and flicker rapidly. Users participating in your video conference will find this effect unpleasant to their eyes. As with paint finishes, shiny wall coverings are also problematic because they reflect light. Paper or fabric wall finishes in a muted, pale color palette with no texture or minimal tone-on-tone texture are optimum.




·   Lighting

Specify for lightings that evenly lit the space to minimize shadowing. This lighting must not be directed to the camera lens. Diffused fluorescent fixtures work well, as do indirect candescent fixtures, which allow for a dimming feature.

Stark, direct lighting, such as indoor spotlights, which cause heavy shadowing, do not work well in a video conferencing environment. Often a combination of indirect candescent and diffused fluorescent will offer the most lighting flexibility.




·   Audio Equipment

Reverberation and echo distort audio signals. This is the main reason professional recording studios are designed with sound absorbing materials. Material such as carpet, draperies, fabric covered vertical blinds, and fabric wall coverings work best for video conference rooms. In addition, ceilings with sound-proofing tiles will lessen reverberation or acoustic echo effect.

Microphones specifically designed for video conferencing are highly sensitive. As long as the conference room microphones are centrally located, most microphones will capture sound within eight feet of the device.

Avoid moving the microphone while in the conference which may defeat echo cancellation. This will results to reverberation or squawking which is the source of distraction during a meeting.

A small video conference setup, microphones are typically placed in the center of the conference table. However, in a large room where they used the microphones not only for video-conferencing but also for meeting, presentation, and discussion, these require a complex discussion microphone solution (e.g. Danish Interpretation System) where several microphones are placed everywhere.

Bear in mind that microphones placed near the speakers will result in feedback. If this happens, place a feedback exterminator such as the FBX2000 of Sabine.

Not fair

You won't become successful by complaining that life is unfair. Certainly there are many injustices in the world, yet you won't get anywhere by using those injustices as excuses.

Your best response is to work over, under, around and through them. Accept the fact that life is unfair, and choose to experience outstanding success anyway.

It is admirable to fight against injustice. But fighting against injustice may very well make that injustice even stronger.

A better way to end injustice is to make it irrelevant. When you create ways for yourself and others to succeed in spite of unfair circumstances, then you render those circumstances powerless.

The world is filled with inequity and unfairness. And yet, there are always plenty of workable and creative ways to rise above those negative circumstances.

When something in life is unfair, choose to succeed anyway. And make that unfairness so small and insignificant it won't even matter.

-- Ralph Marston

Internet Cafe business: Is it profitable?

I've been asked if the internet cafe business is profitable. Searching the internet, one of the response that I read was:

Maganda ang internet cafe business nagaang n trabaho, oorasan mo lang at aasist lang ang mga customers mo, kaya lang ang laki ng puhunan pero ang ROI nya mabagal, laos na ang mga gamit mo d mo pa bawi.

Yun lang po.

CyberAvenue.blogspot.com

What can I find in http://cyberavenue.blogspot.com? Well, a lot!!

I found out about the site yesterday (August 5,2009 Manila) when I asked my friend living in Maryland how she was able to watch the live feed of the Manila event without a GMA 7 or TFC (of ABS-CBN) satellite/cable TV subscription.

Well, she asked me to just point my browser to http://cyberavenue.blogspot.com.

But why is the site important to me?

Well, for a simple reason..... it allows me to backtrack on a telenovela episode that I missed.

Cheers.

I just hope they have a High Definition video available.

FOB and CIF

FOB (Freight on Board) and CIF (Cost-Insurance-Freight) are equally important terms that I need to understand before I set the final retail pricing of the goods that I am going to import.

By the way, I trade security equipment such as alarms, electronic door locks, biometrics, security camera, and other related equipment that will aid people to be more secure and more efficient in doing their businesses.

FOB or CIF? Which one do I ussually chose? Well, it depends on where I am. Of course I'd choose FOB if am going to shoulder the cost of shipping it to my storage at a lesser cost, let's say a balikbayan box type of door to door. CIF, if i need the manufacturer to just shoulder the headache and just wait for the package to come into my doorstep.

On my next posting, I am going to determine the customs duties that I need to pay when the package comes.

Cheers.

Look back sometimes, but always look forward

What successful people does that makes them to move to the top? Well, observation says that they seldom look on the past, but rather they move on and accomplish things one step at a time. Looking back is what they reference to inspire people, telling them of the things they have to do especially in the times of rock-bottom event. Given the chance, I would love to hear Mr. John Gokongwei speak on his past, and how he was able to pull himself up as he is today. But what can I do? past is past and the only thing that I can do to follow his footstep is imagine that I am walking with him side by side.

My First Lumix Camera

Most of the people are fans of SONY brands, and what do you expect - they'll prefer a SONY rather than  a Nikon, Canon, or Leica when buying a point and shoot camera. Well, they're more of a brand conscious rather than getting the best camera around.
Well, I got a Panasonic P/S (i.e point and shoot) not because I am brand conscious, but rather I based my purchase to its worth.
Looking at my Lumix LZ28, I bought it for 499 Saudi Riyals (3.76 SR to a USD). It has full automatic feature, and my favorite "Manual" mode, 5x optical zoom, at that rock bottom cost. That's a real deal.
So, what's in the Lumix? Well, it's the Manual mode and the lens is a Leica. Finally, I was able to acquire a LEICA. hehehe. cheers.